通过shell脚本实现ssh登录管理服务器

系统：Windows10、Ubuntu版WSL（Windows Subsystem for Linux）
工具：Windows Terminal （Preview）
因不想使用xhell、putty等软件，故折腾脚本以便登录服务器管理.
将会介绍3个shell脚本用于登录服务器.

0x00

Ubuntu需要安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install expect

脚本编写

touch server-ONE.sh
vim server-ONE.sh

脚本内容

server-ONE.sh

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
#!/bin/bash

# ReferenceLink：https://blog.csdn.net/kaikai136412162/article/details/80743641

#ssh连接的用户名
set user test

#设置ssh连接的host地址
set host 192.168.1.10

#设置ssh连接的端口号
set port 22

#设置ssh连接的登录密码
set password 123456

#设置连接超时时间
set timeout -1

spawn ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $user@$host -p $port
expect "*password:"

#提交密码
send "$password\r"

#控制权移交
interact

脚本权限

确定server-ONE.sh脚本有可执行权限

chmod +x server-ONE.sh

执行server-ONE.sh脚本
./server-ONE.sh

第二种给脚本有可执行权限

chmod 777 ./server-ONE.sh
./server-ONE.sh

注意

不能按照习惯来用sh server-ONE.sh来这行expect的程序，会提示找不到命令，如下：

server-ONE.sh: line 3: spawn: command not found
couldn't read file "*password:": no such file or directory
server-ONE.sh: line 5: send: command not found
server-ONE.sh: line 6: interact: command not found

因为expect用的不是bash所以会报错。因为bash和expect的脚本指定了不同的脚本解释器

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
#!/bin/bash

故而执行的时候直接./server-ONE.sh

0x01

需要两个文件，loginserver.sh用于登录，serverList.txt服务器列表信息。

脚本编写

loginserver.sh，脚本读取serverList.txt文件，serverList.txt文件存有服务器信息.

touch loginserver.sh
vim loginserver.sh

脚本内容

loginserver.sh

#!/bin/bash

# ReferenceLink：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/516347

#show all host infos of serverList.txt
if [[ -f ./serverList.txt ]]
then
  hostNum=`cat ./serverList.txt | wc -l`
else
  echo "No .serverList.txt in ./ dir, please create it and add server infos."
  exit
fi
while [ True ] 
do
  echo -e "+++++++++++ Host List ++++++++++++++++"
  awk -F' ' '{printf("%3d -> %s@%s\n", NR,$1,$2)}'  ./serverList.txt 
  echo -e "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
  echo -e "Enter hostID at first column."
  echo -e "Enter q or Q to quit." 
  read hostID
  if [[ "$hostID" == 'q' ]] || [[ "$hostID" == 'Q' ]]
  then
    exit 
  elif [[ $hostID -lt 1 ]] || [[ $hostID -gt $hostNum ]]
  then
    echo "Wrong hostID is selected, Only $hostNum hosts are listed, please check."
    continue
  else
    break
  fi
done
user=""
host=""
passwd=""
eval $(awk -v hostID=$hostID -F' ' '{if (NR==hostID) {printf("user=%s;host=%s;passwd=%s;",$1,$2,$3);}}'  ./serverList.txt) 
#echo $user, $host, $passwd
echo "login in $user@$host"
expect -c "
set timeout 30
  spawn ssh $user@$host
  expect {
  \"*yes/no\" { send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue }
  \"*?assword:\" { send \"$passwd\r\" }
  }
  interact
"

server列表

第一列：系统用户名称；第二列：服务器ip地址；第三列：服务器密码。

touch serverList.txt
vim serverList.txt

serverList.txt

test 192.168.1.10 123456
test 192.168.1.11 123456
test 192.168.1.12 123456

执行

bash loginserver.sh

0x02

需要两个文件，managerserver.sh用于登录，managerserver.txt服务器列表信息。

脚本编写

managerserver.sh，脚本读取managerserver.txt文件，managerserver.txt文件存有服务器信息.

touch managerserver.sh
vim managerserver.sh

脚本内容

managerserver.sh

#!/bin/bash

# ReferenceLink：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/516347

#show all host infos of managerserver.txt
if [[ -f /root/exec/iplist.txt ]]
then
  hostNum=`cat ./managerserver.txt | wc -l`
else
  echo "No iplist in dir, please create it and add server infos."
  exit
fi
while [ True ] 
do
  echo -e "+++++++++++ Host List ++++++++++++++++"
  awk -F' ' 'BEGIN {print "ID\tServerName\tUser@ServerIp"}{printf("%2d -> %s %s@%s\n", NR,$1,$2
,$3)}'  ./managerserver.txt
  echo -e "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
  echo -e "Enter hostID at first column."
  echo -e "Enter q or Q to quit." 
  read hostID
  if [[ "$hostID" == 'q' ]] || [[ "$hostID" == 'Q' ]]
  then
    exit 
  elif [[ $hostID -lt 1 ]] || [[ $hostID -gt $hostNum ]]
  then
    echo "Wrong hostID is selected, Only $hostNum hosts are listed, please check."
    continue
  else
    break
  fi
done
servername=""
user=""
host=""
passwd=""
eval $(awk -v hostID=$hostID -F' ' '{if (NR==hostID) {printf("servername=%s;user=%s;host=%s;pas
swd=%s;",$1,$2,$3,$4);}}'  ./managerserver.txt) 
#echo $user, $host, $passwd
echo "logining $servername by $user@$host"
expect -c "
  set timeout 30
  spawn ssh $user@$host
  expect {
  \"*yes/no\" { send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue }
  \"*?assword:\" { send \"$passwd\r\" }
  }
  interact
"

server列表

第一列：服务器名称；第二列：系统用户名；第三列：服务器ip地址；第四列：服务器密码。

touch managerserver.txt
vim managerserver.txt

managerserver.txt

server-ONE    test 192.168.1.10 123456
server-TWO    test 192.168.1.11 123456
server-THREE  test 192.168.1.12 123456

执行

bash managerserver.sh